Judgment and Laughter
An Indian at an Englishman’s table marvels not that the beer foams out of the bottle, but how it was got in. Kant said that laughter is a strained expectation suddenly transformed into nothing, and that the understanding gains nothing from it. The Laughter Series says that laughter is an expression of the power of judgment, and that what it judges is that “the construct still has such a remainder.” At the moment of laughter, construct and remainder are both in view; laughter does not decide whether the construct stays or goes; no one loses.
The series follows laughter layer by layer: the tendency of an infant at peek-a-boo (12DD); the owner who arrives at 13DD, “this judgment is mine”; purpose entering the construct laughed at (14DD), with the laughter of triumph and wry laughter, derision, and doing things with laughter; and the non dubito of 15DD, the laughter of despair and the knowing smile. It stops before looking at each other and laughing (16DD), which it registers only. In this sense it is the reverse side of the aesthetics series.
Five essays from the five papers of SAE Laughter: an Overview and four essays. They speak through old stories and small scenes: a bottle of beer, a mother’s hands, a room that bursts out laughing, a results list and three places of exile, a father’s saying, a raised flower.
An Indian at an Englishman’s table watches beer foam out of a bottle. Kant says laughter is an expectation turned to nothing; the Laughter Series says laughter judges that “the construct still has such a remainder.” At the moment of laughter, construct and remainder are both in view, and no one loses.
Essay 01A mother covers her face, uncovers it, and the baby laughs. Perception says “out of sight”; prediction catches “still there.” Laughter at 12DD already has part of the structure of construct and remainder, but no owner who knows it is he who judges: the Laughter Series registers it as laughter as tendency.
Essay 02A roomful of people bursts out laughing; someone who has just come in laughs along, then asks: what are you laughing at? At 13DD laughter has an owner for the first time: this judgment is mine. Self-mockery, contagious laughter, laughter on a misjudgment, onlooker’s laughter: one thread runs through them all. Laughter does not decide whether the construct stays or goes.
Essay 03Someone checking the results list sees “admitted” and laughs out loud; late in life Su Shi inscribes his portrait, asks about his life’s work, and answers with three places of exile. At 14DD one’s own purpose enters the construct laughed at: triumph and wry laughter form a pair, comparative laughter can slide into derision, and doing things with laughter must be judged separately.
Essay 04Someone convinced there is nothing left sees that he is still searching; someone finally understands his father’s “To be safe and well is a blessing.” The two laughs of 15DD, the laughter of despair and the knowing smile, both stand within non dubito, and both are unidirectional. Looking at each other and laughing comes after them, and there the Laughter Series stops.
判断力与笑
一个印度人在英国人的宴席上,奇怪的不是啤酒涌出瓶口,而是它怎么装进去的。康德说,笑是一个紧张的期待突然化为无,知性在其中一无所得。笑论说,笑是判断力的表现,笑判的是“构还有这么一个余项”。笑的那一刻,构与余项都在眼前;笑不判构的去留,谁都没输。
这个系列一层一层看笑:躲猫猫里婴儿的趋向(12DD);13DD 笑第一次有了主人,“这一判是我的”;14DD 自己的目的进入所笑之构,有得意之笑与苦笑,也有嘲笑和用笑做事;15DD 的不疑,绝望之笑与会心之笑。它在相视而笑(16DD)之前停下,只登记,不展开。在这个意义上,笑论是美学系列的背面。
五篇散文,改写自《SAE 笑论》五篇论文:一篇总论,四篇分论。它们在一些旧故事和小场景里说话:一瓶啤酒,母亲的两只手,一屋子忽然笑起来的人,一张榜和三处贬所,父亲的一句话,一枝花。
一个印度人在英国人的宴席上,看见啤酒涌出瓶口。康德说笑是期待化为无;笑论说,笑判的是“构还有这么一个余项”。笑的那一刻,构与余项都在眼前,谁都没输。
第一篇母亲捂住脸,又拿开,婴儿笑了。知觉说“看不见了”,预测接住了“还在”。12DD 的笑已有构与余项的部分结构,却还没有一个知道是自己在判的主人:笑论把它登记为笑的趋向。
第二篇一屋子人笑起来,后进门的人也跟着笑,又问:你们笑什么?到 13DD,笑第一次有了主人:这一判是我的。自嘲、传染之笑、误判之笑、旁观之笑,贯穿它们的是一条:笑不判构的去留。
第三篇查榜的人看见“录取”笑出声来;苏轼晚年自题画像,问平生功业,答以三处贬所。到 14DD,自己的目的进入了所笑之构:得意之笑与苦笑成对,比较之笑可以滑向嘲笑,用笑做事要另审。
第四篇一个认定没有了的人,看见自己还在找;一个人终于懂了父亲那句“平安是福”。15DD 的两种笑,绝望之笑与会心之笑,都站在不疑里,都是单向的。相视而笑在它们之后,笑论在那里停下。