Caught by a tiger, a fox claims that Heaven has appointed him ruler of all animals. If the tiger doubts him, the fox says, let him follow and watch. The fox walks ahead; the tiger follows; every animal flees. The tiger concludes that they fear the fox.
The forest animals are not fooled in the same way the tiger is. They do not need to believe the fox’s story about Heaven. They only need to see the tiger behind him. Their obedience is real, but its visible target and actual cause are different.
Borrowed power works through that separation. A minor official, manager, intermediary, or favored insider may issue an instruction in a personal voice while everyone calculates the institution, owner, army, or audience standing behind it. The representative can then mistake compliance for respect and deference for agreement. Those who obey may even find it safer to maintain the mistake.
The point is not that delegated authority is illegitimate. Shared work depends on people acting for offices and institutions larger than themselves. But accountability requires us to name the source of force and the route by which it is authorized. When someone enters and the room yields, ask not only whether that person is impressive. Ask whether people are answering a reason, recognizing a role, or watching the tiger that never needs to speak.
Source note: The story appears in Strategies of the Warring States, “Strategies of Chu.” There it explains that northern states fear the armies of the king of Chu, not merely his minister Zhao Xixu. This essay follows that original political frame.